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Interpretive Summaries:
2012 - Site-Specific Nutrient Management for Rice-Wheat in Punjab
2011 - Site-Specific Nutrient Management for Rice-Wheat in Punjab
2010 - Site-Specific Nutrient Management for Rice-Wheat in Punjab
2009 - Site-Specific Nutrient Management for Rice-Wheat in Punjab
Site-Specific Nutrient Management for Rice-Wheat in Punjab, 2010
Punjab, with only 1.5% of the geographical area of India, contributes about 11% of rice production. This work was initiated under the Cereal Systems Initiative in South Asia (CSISA) project to develop and implement site-specific nutrient management (SSNM) in the rice-wheat system under both conventional and no-till cultivation. Three types of trials were conducted in wheat: 1) omission plot trials with four treatments (-N, -P, -K, and NPK) in conventional and zero till systems with residue retention; 2) omission plot trials in conventional till systems with seven treatments (-N, -P, -K, NPK, Full NP reduced K, Full NK reduced P, Full N reduced PK); and 3) Nutrient Manager (NM), a field-specific nutrient recommendation tool, for wheat evaluation trials with three treatments (Farmer fertilizer practice, State recommended fertilization, and NM-based fertilizer recommendation).
Wheat yield loss due to omission of N was about 1 t/ha while yield losses due to omission of P and K were between 0.5 to 0.7 t/ha, suggesting high indigenous soil supply capacity. Burning and incorporation of residues in Punjab zero till scenarios probably helped in creating higher K availability, leading to much less yield loss compared to conventional till with no residue retention. Burning and incorporation of residues along with reasonably high K content in irrigation water compensated for K omission in farmer fields and no significant yield loss was observed without K or with limited K application as compared to the full K plots. The NM software performed reasonably well in Punjab, possibly due to inputs of K from irrigation water and residue. In rice, omission plot yields were significantly higher in puddled transplant rice (PTR) compared to direct-seeded rice (DSR). Higher mobilization of nutrients in puddled conditions probably helped yield potential in PTR and higher nutrient application may be required in DSR. Underground irrigation water in Punjab is suggested to have high K content and lesser irrigation in DSR plots, compared to PTR, and consequently less K addition probably have caused higher yield loss in DSR K omission plots.
During the year, Wheat Nutrient Expert, a nutrient decision support tool, was developed based on the information generated in wheat trials. The software is now being validated in the current wheat crop in Punjab. India-007
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